Migrating away from SPD workflows: Power Automate is NOT the right direction for system processing

Like more O365 customers, we were in begin Q3 2020 unpleasant surprised by the Microsoft announcement that runtime execution of SharePoint Designer 2010 workflows would in few months time come to its end. In our tenant, business users are self-empowered for automation customizations, and in a significant number of site collections they have designed custom workflows. But as it quickly became clear that the stop-message of Microsoft this time was a final one (note: on concrete stop-moment of InfoPath, the other 'old/classic' power-user customization tool is no Microsoft statement yet on), we knew we had to act. We bought ourselves some time with Microsoft, as the initial message of stop in few months was both unrealistics as ridiculous / not consumer-friendly from Microsoft. And then together with business, as in our model they own their self-build customizations, started up a migration plan away from SharePoint 2010 workflows (and later on to include SPD 2013). The destination to be Power Automate, as that is what Microsoft itself is advising:

If you’re using SharePoint 2010 workflows, we recommend migrating to Power Automate or other supported solutions.

Source: SharePoint 2010 workflow retirement

While ongoing, this generic Microsoft advise turns out viable for the majority of the custom-build processing, as these are mostly on level of 'user-productivity'. But the Power Automate approach gets in a squeeze to migrate unattended system processing, with a bulk of actions. Power Automate on itself can handle that, but the license model restricts the flow owner from using it for bulk / large automated operation. You either are forced to buy a more extensive Power Automate license, but mind you: this buys additional capacity, but still with a defined limit. Or you must migrate to another 'supported solution'. In the Microsoft 365 domain this means to migrate to Logic Apps iso Power Automate. The design model of the both are similar, the operation model however very different: Power Automate runs under identity and license of Power Automate owner with a licensed capacity on level of flow actions; Logic Apps runs under system identity and with pricing model of 'pay what you use'. If you need more capacity, you will pay more; but Microsoft will not stop the system processing because you passed a capacity thresshold.

Business users dislike the Logic Apps approach, as this reduces their self-empowerment. They are not capable to define + deploy Logic Apps flows themselves into the productive landscape, but must involve IT / administrators. But one must question on whether this loss of flexibility / business-agility is really a recurring problem: you do not expect critical system automation /processing to require the capability for business to continuously be able to change on the spot. A bit of control on such business critical processing is not per se a bad thing, neither for the owner business themselves...

Pointers:

1. Power Automate pricing
2. Power Platform: Requests limits and allocations
   For personal-productivity automation, licensed capacity of max 5000 actions per day is well beyond expected usage. But this does not apply ico automated system processing: max of only 5000 is not enough when bulkprocessing eg an HR process for all employees of a > 20.000 FTE organization.
3. Why you should use Logic Apps instead of Power Automate
   Power Automate is meant to automate certain workflows for productivity, Logic Apps are meant to automate certain tasks within your organization.
4. Why you need Power Automate and Azure Logic App for your enterprise
   If you create a custom workflow on Power Automate, it can be exported to a JSON file which can then be imported into Azure Logic App. This is a great way to migrate a custom workflow created by a Business user; for example, to be evolved into a more elaborate process and then shared with the team.
   Power Automate workflow is suitable for individual users who need their own custom processes. Azure Logic App is for workflow shared by multiple users or complex processes maintained by IT. This decision is also driven by their specific pricing model.
   Power Automate license by user: $15 USD per user per month. Azure Logic App is charged by execution: $0.000025 USD per action, and $0.000125 USD per Standard Connector.
5. Azure logic apps vs Power automate – A detailed comparison